Model Pembelajaran Inovatif Dalam Pendidikan Agama Kristen
A. Ciri-ciri Pembelajaran Inovatif
Menurut para ahli, dalam Titin, 2013 menyebutkan bahwa suatu model mengajar dianggap baik apabila memiliki ciri-ciri sebagai berikut:
1) Memiliki prosedur yang sistematik, untuk memodifikasi perilaku siswa yang didasarkan pada asumsi-asumsi tertentu; hasil belajar ditetapkan secara khusus, yaitu perubahan perilaku positif siswa secara khusus;
2) Penetapan lingkungan belajar secara khusus dan kondusif;
3) Ukuran keberhasilan, yaitu bisa menetapkan kriteria keberhasilan siswa setelah mengikuti pembelajaran; dan
4) Interaksi dengan lingkungan, yaitu model pembelajaran tersebut harus mendorong siswa reaktif, aktif dan partisipatif terhadap apa yang terjadi dalam lingkungannya.
B. Kelebihan Model Pembelajaran Inovatif
Kelebihan pembelajaran inovatif antara lain:
1) Melatih siswa untuk mendesain suatu penemuan. Pembelajaran inovatif melatih siswa untuk berpikir kreatif sehingga siswa mampu memunculkan ide-ide baru yang positif. Di dalam pembelajaran ini siswa dapat mengembangkan kreativitasnya, sehingga bisa menemukan hal-hal baru di era globalisasi ini;
2) Menuntut kreativitas guru dalam mengajar. Dalam hal ini guru dituntut untuk tidak monoton, maksudnya guru harus memumculkan inovasi baru dalam proses pembelajaran. Kreativitas guru sangat diperlukan agar proses pembelajaran tidak membosankan;
3) Hubungan antara siswa dan guru menjadi hubungan yang saling belajar dan saling membangun. Guru dan siswa bersama-sama membangun suasana pembelajaran yang menyenangkan dalam kelas sehingga apa yang menjadi tujuan dari pembelajaran bisa terwujud;
4) Merangsang perkembangan kemajuan berfikir siswa untuk menyelesaikan masalah yang dihadapi dengan tepat. Pembelajaran inovatif akan membuat siswa berfikir kritis dalam menghadapi masalah; Dapat membuat pendidikan sekolah lebih relevan dengan kehidupan, khususnya dunia kerja. Dunia pendidikan akan lebih berwarna, tidak monoton dan akan terus berkembang menjadi semakin baik. Hal ini akan mempengaruhi dunia kerja yang nantinya akan dijalani setiap orang;
5) Proses pembelajaran dirancang, disusun, dan dikondisikan untuk siswa agar belajar. Siswa harus menempatkan diri dengan baik, siswa tidak boleh hanya diam tapi harus berusaha memotivasi dirinya sendiri agar berkembang. Pembelajaran inovatif akan membangkitkan semangat siswa untuk menjadi yang terbaik.
Adapun kelemahan pembelajaran inovatif antara lain:
1) Siswa yang kurang aktif dalam proses belajar akan semakin tertinggal;
2) Memerlukan alokasi waktu yang lebih panjang dibandingkan dengan metode pembelajaran yang lain;
3) Kurangnya kreativitas guru.
Model pembelajaran inovatif ini hampir sama dengan model pembelajaran inkuiri yang mempunyai kelebihan dan kelemahan yang saling terkait. Pembelajaran inkuiri merupakan pembelajaran yag banyak dianjurkan, karena memiliki bebrapa keunggulan, diantaranya:
a. Pembelajaran ini merupakan pembelajaran yang menekankan kepada pengembangan aspek kognitif, afektif, dan psikomotor secara seimbang, sehingga pembelajaran melalui pembelajaran ini dianggap jauh lebih bermakna.
b. Pembelajaran ini dapat memberikan ruang kepada siswa untuk belajar sesuai dengan gaya belajar mereka.
c. Pembelajaran ini merupakan strategi yang dianggap sesuai dengan perkembangan psikologi belajar modern yang menganggap belajar adalah proses perubahan tingkah laku berkat adanya pengalaman.
Di samping memiliki keunggulan, pembelajaran ini juga mempunyai kelemahan, diantaranya:
a. Sulit mengontrol kegiatan dan keberhasilan siswa.
b. Sulit dalam merencanakan pembelajaran oleh karena terbentur dengan kebiasaan siswa dalam belajar.
c. Kadang-kadanng dalam mengimplementasikannya, memerlukan waktu yang panjang sehingga sering guru sulit menyesuaikannya dengan waktu yang telah ditentukan.
d. Selama kriteria keberhasilan belajar ditentukan oleh kemampuannya siswa menguasai materi pelajaran, maka strategi ini tampaknya akan sulit diimplementasikan.
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